Flurbiprofen toxicity in 2 dogs / 대한수의학회지

Two dogs were presented with melena, vomiting and depression after accidental swallowing of candy form of Strepsils (flurbiprofen), which is one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in human medicine for controlling a sore throat. These dogs had common signs of anemia induced by gastrointestinal ulceration and hemorrhage with azotemia and leukocytosis. The dogs were treated with blood transfusion, fluid therapy, proton-pump inhibitor, antiemetics, mucus protectant and antibiotic. Although most of clinical signs of two dogs were resolved, azotemic problem with evidence of renal injury have remained.

The effects of BMP4 and BMP2 on Expression of Trophoblast-Specific Genes in Human Embryonic Stem Cells using SNU-hES3 cell line / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: Human embryonic stem cell derived from blastocyst randomly differentiates into multiple cell types during embryoid body development. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor type beta superfamily. We have a question whether BMP2 and/or BMP4 can induce trophoblast specific genes in human ES cells using SNU hES3 cell line. METHODS: Human embryonic stem cell line (SNU hES3) was supplied by Miz Medi Hospital Seoul National University. Cultured hES cells were divided into small clumps and then allow for EB formation in differentiation medium. After EB formation, EBs were transferred onto gelatin coated dishes and given hES conditioned medium alone (control) or supplemented as following treatment for 6 days; rhBMP4 100 ng/mL; rhBMP2 100 ng/mL; BMP4 100 ng/mL +BMP2 100 ng/mL. RT PCR was performed for trophoblast specific genes. During culture, supernatant was collected and measured for estradiol (E2), progesterone, and hCG beta by enzymeimmuno assay (EIA) kit. RESULTS: BMP4 and BMP2 increase chorionic gonadotropin beta (hCG beta), glical cell missing 1 (GMC1), and CD9 as trophoblast specific gene markers confirmed by RT PCR. However, the non classical HLA class I molecule HLAG1, was not expressed in our studies. And we cannot find significant differences of the level of estradiol, hCG nd progesterone in this study. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that BMP 4 and 2 have an additive effect on induction of trophoblast related genes in SNU hES3 cell line. Although we failed to induce the differentiation of human ES cells to trophoblast, this study could provide the possibility for the differentiation of early human trophoblast cells and thus need further studies.

Comparison of Outcomes of Incompetent Cervix Patients Treated with the Transvaginal Cerclage and the Modified Transvaginal Cerclage using Fibrin Sealant / 대한주산의학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of our study is to compare the outcome of the modified transvaginal cerclage (MTVC) in patients who had not undergone a previous TVC with the outcome of patients treated with the transvagianl cerclage (TVC). METHOD: Incompetent cervix patients in the Obstetric/Gynecology department of Hanyang University Hospital post January, 1996 were selected as subjects for this study. 94 patients who received the TVC and 44 patients who received the MTVC using fibrin sealant were compared. The success of the operation was determined in the 34th week of pregnancy, and duration of pregnancy. RESULTS: Clinical characteristics of the TVC group and the MTVC group are showing no significant statistical difference between the two groups. The average gestational age of delivery was 36.0 and 37.0 week and the average weight was 2,797 g and 2,828 g respectively, also showing no significant (p=0.06) statistical difference. However, the duration of pregnancy between surgery and birth was 19.5 and 21.5 weeks showing significant (p=0.013) statistical difference, when the success rates of the treatments of incompetent cervix were observed according to the 34th week standard, TVC showed a 74% (71/96) rate of success and MTVC with fibrin sealant showed a 90.9% (40/44) rate of success, showing a significant statistical difference (Chi(2)=4.503, p<0.05). CONCLUSION:The success rate of MTVC using fibrin sealant showed to be significantly higher than the success rate of TVC. The reason for the difference in success rates is suspected to be because the fibrin sealant injected between the two TVC bands blocked the possibility of infection originating in the vagina. In the future, further research should focus on cultures of vaginal and amniotic fluids.

Clinical Efficacy of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine System (Mirena(R)) for Abnormal Uterine Bleeding / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to study the clinical efficacy of Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena(R)) for patients who have abnormal uterine bleeding before menopause or sustaining vaginal spotting during postmenopaual hormone replacement therapy. METHODS: Between June, 2001 and June, 2003, forty six premenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding such as menorrhagia and intermenstrual bleeding who did not prefer surgical treatment (Group 1) and twenty four postmenopausal patients with vaginal spotting (Group 2) were included in this study. The various parameters such as uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhea, volume changes of myoma or adenomyosis, and endometrial thickness were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasound examination before and after Levonorgestrel- releasing intrauterine system usage. RESULTS: A significant reduction in abnormal bleeding (26.3 vs 11.0) (p<0.0001) and dysmenorrhea (11.6 vs 6.1) (p<0.0001) were noticed. However, there was no significant change in volume of uterine myoma (40.0 vs 11.3) (p=0.282) and adenomyosis (103.0 vs 95.83) (p=0.266) before and after Mirena(R) insertion in Group 1. Vaginal spotting during hormone replacement therapy disappeared completely in 18/24. Also there was a significant reduction in endometrial thickness (6.3 vs 4.9) (p<0.0001) after Mirena(R) insertion in both group 1 and group 2. CONCLUSION: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system insertion was acceptable and convenient therapeutic modality for abnormal uterine bleeding of premenopausal abnormal uterine bleeding and vaginal spotting during the postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy.

Clinical study of Failure to Progress as an Indication for Cesarean Section / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of diagnosis of the failure to progress (FTP) and accompanying emergency Cesarean section in university hospital and possibility of reducing emergency Cesarean section among these patients. METHODS: Chart review of 680 patients who had underwent emergency Cesarean section with diagnosis of FTP between January 1996 and December 2002 at Hanyang University Medical Center was carried out for this study. Among patients who underwent normal vaginal delivery during the same period, 300 patients were randomly chosen for control group. Comparison between these two groups on maternal physical properties, management during delivery, birth weight and sex of babies were made. Also, differences of labor management among obstetrical staff were compared RESULTS: Compared to the vaginal delivery group, FTP group patients showed older age (29.1 vs 27.7 yr) (p=0.000), shorter stature (158.4 vs 159.8 cm) (p=0.001), and heavier body weight (68.2 vs 65.7 kg) (p=0.000) suggesting unfavorable outcome Also, birth weight of the newborn infant was heavier compared to the normal delivery group (3350 vs 3181 g) (p=0.001). In addition, the frequency of PG E2 use was higher (45% vs 35%) (p=0.001) and hours of oxytocin use was longer (6.3 vs 4.2 hr) (p=0.000) in FTP group. The distribution of delivery time in FTP group was around four or more hours in comparison to the normal delivery group in which the judgement was made that there was as inclination for sufficient effort for the purpose of a normal delivery. On one side, cervical dilatation was less than 3 cm, there were 44 people in a group with less than 70% effacement of cervix in which 40 of these people (excluding 4) were capable for a normal delivery with additional effort. Moreover, in the case of the failure to progress group, active labor management can decrease the rate of cesarean section to about 5.8% (40/680). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggests the possibility that frequency of cesarean section could be reduced through the efforts of active labor management. However, there are a variety of factors leading to cesarean section that must be analyzed along with social and national support.

Effect of arterial adventitial stripping methods on patency and thrombus formation at microvascular anastomoses

Implant Installation After Mandibular Alveolar Ridge Augmentation Using Intraoral Distraction Device: Report Of 5 Cases

Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion: Report Of 5 Cases

Correction of cleft lip nasal deformities with l-shaped iliac bone graft